Can the Spread of Nuclear Weapons Be Stopped?

 

 

Wolfgang K.H. Panofsky

SLAC

 

 

 

In the history of mankind, all new technologies, once invented, have always spread across the globe and have been applied both to peace and war.  This precedent must be broken in the case of nuclear weapons.  The principal tool towards this end has been the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty which went into force in 1970 and to which all nations, other than four, are Parties.  That Treaty sealed a complex bargain, which is now under severe stress. Nuclear weapons states have failed to deemphasize nuclear weapons in international relations and certain non-nuclear weapon states are latent nuclear proliferators.  However, many states with incipient nuclear weapons programs have abolished them.  Potential approaches toward relieving the stress on the nonproliferation regime will be discussed.  Above all, it is essential that the United States as the leading power measured by conventional armaments take the lead in deemphasizing the role of nuclear weapons for its national security.