T-1019 is an experiment to verify the performance of the primary particle identification detector, the imaging time-of-propagation detector (iTOP), for the Belle II experiment. The operating principle of the iTOP is a modified version of a technique known as detection of internally detected Cherenkov light, or DIRC. In a DIRC detector, charged particles pass through a bar of radiator material, usually synthetic fused silica. Since these particles travel faster than the speed of light within the bar, they produce a cone of light known as Cherenkov radiation. Particles of the same momentum but different mass will have Cherenkov cones of slightly different opening angle. The bar is precisely machined and highly polished, and much of the light that is produced undergoes total internal reflection to the end of the bar for detection, all while preserving information about the production angles of the Cherenkov light that was produced, and hence the identity of the particle can be determined. In the original DIRC design of the BaBar experiment, the end of the bar couples to a large imaging area, and Cherenkov light is visible as a ring. Since space in Belle II is extremely constrained, the iTOP uses a much smaller imaging plane. Instead of producing ring images in two spatial dimensions, much of the ring image must be resolved from precise timing measurements. To obtain such precision timing, the iTOP uses very fast micro-channel plate photomultiplier tubes, read out by custom waveform digitizing electronics. Although previous tests of the time-of-propagation concept have been performed at KEK and CERN, these tests utilized a radiator bar of roughly half of the final planned size for Belle-II, preliminary version of the photodetectors, and commercial rack-mount electronics for readout. T-1019 is the first test of a full-size radiator, with four times more densely pixelated photodetectors, all read out by prototypes of the custom electronics.

CIRTE(T-1017) is a calibration experiment for COUPP(E961) - the Dark Matter search using a heavy liquid bubble chamber as a detector. COUPP works by observing a single bubble produced when a dark matter particle scatters hard enough off a nucleus to cause a bubble to form. The bubble is formed by the energy given to the recoiling nucleus. CIRTE does the same experiment with charged pions from the test beam in place of the dark matter particles. Since we can measure how much the pions scatter - a trick we can't pull with dark matter - we can measure the nuclear recoil energy to get the threshold and efficiency of the bubble chamber for these scatters. This calibrates COUPP's sensitivity for an assumed flux and spectrum of dark matter. The measurement is made with a very small (1 cm diameter) version of the COUPP bubble chamber in a -12 GeV/c pion beam. The pions are measured before and after the chamber with a Silicon pixel detector telescope. CIRTE is a repeat of the FNAL-E69 experiment to measure hadron-Nucleus elastic scattering run, in the same beamline (then M6, now MTest), 35 years ago.

This particular experiment has two halves, the first dealing with relatively old technology, using lead glasses which act as a totally active absorbing material for the Čerenkov light and the scintillation light generated by the beam particles. The second half employs a new, optical glass called ADRIANO, with a high refractive index, where the scintillating light is not generated in the glass, but in the fibers coming out of the glass, thus separating the Čerenkov signal from the scintillation signal.

The ultimate objective of the research being done by this experiment is to test the potential of Dual Readout hadron calorimetry when applied to calorimeters with totally active absorbing media. This program focuses on the use of glasses, and, because a supply of potentially suitable scintillating glasses is already present at the laboratory, it could be possible to perform a “proof of principle” test of Total Absorption Dual Readout calorimetry in a relatively short time and at reduced cost. New scintillating glasses, are also being developed and could eventually be substituted for the currently available ones. At the same time, a new technique (ADRIANO) has been proposed which employs glasses designed to act as a totally active absorbing medium for the Cherenkov component, and as the passive (sampling) medium for the scintillation component of a Dual Readout calorimeter.

TAUWER is a proposed astro-particle experiment to detect ultrahigh energy TAU neutrinos, using detector towers arrayed on a mountainside looking down into a valley. This test is to study the possibility of replacing Hamamatsu miniature PMT's with SiPM's for readout by determining the response of scintillation detectors with SiPM readout to low energy electrons, 2 GeV or lower, as the beam will provide. The detector itself is a compact package, previously used in a parasitic test beam run on December 15, 2010, to compare the relative timing of the signals from three counters for Minimized Ionized Particles.

The experiment will take some electron data with 1.5 cm of Pb in front of counter 2 or counter 3, and without the Pb for calibration purposes. The three scintillators are 0.7, 1.4, and 0.7 cm thick, each 19 x 19 cm square. Each has a single SiPM readout, seen in the picture. The SiPM operating voltage is 34 volts. This is introduced by BNC cables from power supplies in the electronics area. The red and white wires adapt the BNC cable to separate power and ground leads for the center counter. The SiPM signals are taken on RG174 cables to a local waveform digitizer (DRS4) adjacent to the optical box. The DRS4 is controlled by a PC located in the beam enclosure, operated remotely from the control room.